I understand that there may be variations based on region but I'm just asking for the fundamentals. Edited to clarify : I'm just asking a basic question, not for ingredients, per se. For example — Dish "X" is stir-fried vegetables with or without meat in sauce served with soft rice noodles.
I understand that much of the difference is in the type of noodles used and how they are prepared. However, I've always heard that much of the American-Chinese cuisine was loosely adapted and not really the same thing or possibly didn't originate in China. So, I'm just trying to find out what is authentic.
The problem with your question is that you're kind of asking something akin to "what is the universally accepted traditional preparation for Spaghetti". While conventionally in much of the English speaking world, that refers to spaghetti and meat sauce. They are both often wheat based egg noodles. Lo Mein is typically cooked in a broth, whereas Chow mein, by definition will be cooked in oil.
Sometimes it'll be cooked till crispy, sometimes not. If you happen to be in some location that serves authentic Chinese food, you could order dozens of different preparations for each of the above; It could include various combinations of proteins, vegetables. Dried noodles are parboiled in boiling water for 5 to 6 minutes before using, while fresh egg noodles only need to be boiled for 2 to 3 minutes.
The exact amount of cooking time will depend on the thickness of the noodles, so be sure to follow the package instructions if available. But whether you're working with fresh or dried noodles, the goal is to boil them until they are just cooked but not too soft what the Italian's call " al dente ," or "cooked to the tooth". If Chinese egg noodles aren't available, Italian pasta such as fettucini or linguini makes a handy substitute.
A "quick and dirty" lo mein can be made by using Ramen noodles with a flavor packet. With lo mein, the parboiled noodles are frequently added near the end of cooking to heat through and toss with the other ingredients and sauce. Alternately, the parboiled noodles may be tossed with a sauce and the stir-fried ingredients poured over. Since the real star of any lo mein dish is the sauce, it's not surprising that lo mein recipes often use more sauce than chow mein recipes.
It all comes down to your personal taste. Soft lo mein noodles soak up more of the sauce. On the other hand, you can get a greater variety of texture in a chow mein dish. For example, crunchy noodles and celery could be combined with soft mushrooms, bean sprouts, and juicy tomatoes.
While chow mein with thin crisp noodles is a staple of many Chinese take-out restaurants, more authentic versions of chao mian have soft noodles. The main difference between the two comes down to frying time: for dryer, crisper noodles, add more oil and increase the frying time. Place the pot in cold water to cool it down then drain off the excess water. Bring your wok to the heat source and pour the tablespoon of oil in the pan. Stir-fry the beef for about a minute and place on a clean plate as you clean your wok.
Place the tablespoon of oil in the wok and stir-fry the ginger, garlic and chilli for about a minute then add the carrots and pepper to fry for about minutes. Add your egg noodles to keep frying for about 2 minutes as you toss it around then add all the remaining seasonings and stir-fry for about 3 minutes.
Finally add your beef and continue to stir-fry for about minutes as you toss it around to avoid sticking. This rice noodles, unlike the Chow Mein, is either served as a stir-fry or soup recipe. The common recipe of Chow Fun is the one with beef although, you can use other meats like chicken and seafood. It requires a lot of heating for it to come out perfectly. The traditional ingredients that make the Chow Fun are beef, rice noodles, beans sprouts, spring onions, ginger and onions.
The time that the preparation takes is about 15 minutes which makes it a good choice for your quick dinner option or easy lunch choices. Since the cooking requires a lot of heating it is advisable to prepare chow fun for about people. Wash and cut your beef into thin slices or strips. Place in a clean bowl and add a tablespoon of wine, a teaspoon of soy sauce, a tablespoon of oyster sauce, a teaspoon of sesame oil, some salt and starch.
Mix it evenly and set aside for the next about 20 minutes. Place the cooking oil in the wok and bring it to your heating source. Add your beef slices or strips on the wok and cook for about half a minute. Ensure it turns brown. Transfer the slices to a clean plate and drain off the extra oil remaining then clean the wok. Pour 1 and a half tablespoon of oil into the wok then add the fun noodles as well as your shredded or sliced onions. Add your previously made stir-fry sauce which is a combination of light and dark sauce, vegetable oil and some sugar.
Remember to toss your wok in order to make sure your noodles are evenly coated. Add the beans sprouts and cook for about half a minute. Add the other vegetables you may have remaining and cook for about a minute then serve hot.
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